History and theory

Lumumba: why popular hero of Congolese independence was assassinated

Patrice Lumumba occupies a very important place in popular consciousness in Congo. His legacy still resounds throughout the country, Africa and the world. By Michel Munanga PSL/LSP – Belgium. This article was first published 17 January 2021 Patrice Lumumba was initially drawn from that stratum of the Congolese population on which the Belgian colonizer relied […]

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Malcolm X

Malcolm X: Hard Lessons from his Life and Death

By Drew Frayne, Socialist Party Ireland, 21 February 2025 Sixty years ago el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz, known to the world as Malcolm X, was murdered. His life is a map of 20th Century racism, and resistance to white supremacy, in the US and across the world. The personal and political life of el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz, known

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